Wednesday, August 15, 2007

在笔记本电脑上安装Ubuntu

今天在lidaof同学的大力帮助下在笔记本电脑上安装并配置了Ubuntu, 从此抬起头来做人!
空言无凭, 有图为证:

总结如下:

1.
分区设置
swap 1G
/boot 100M
/ 40G

2.
安装过程很顺利, 只是选择了英语, 最后发现系统中没有中文输入法 :-O


3.
无线网络的配置:
自动识别出无线网卡, 然后在Properties窗口中有自动找到Network name (ESSID)为TP-LINK
填写passwd, 注意passwd类型应选为ascii
Configuration选为DHCP
然后就点OK, Ubuntu就去寻找网络了, 然后就能联网了. 如果不能立即联网就多等一会儿...

4.
安装软件: apt-get 的配置和使用
apt-get的source file在: /etc/apt/sources.list

export HTTP_proxy=http://proxy:port

4.1 various
apt-get update
apt-get install apache2-mpm-worker
apt-get install mysql-server
apt-get install dia
apt-get install ssh
apt-get install gftp
apt-get install rar
apt-get intstall mplayer
apt-get install graphviz
apt-get install scilab
apt-get install r-base
apt-get install xchm
apt-get install tetex-base
apt-get install tetex-bin
apt-get install tetex-extra
apt-get install build-essential

4.2 Perl GD
To install Perl GD, libgd is needed. However, following installation won't help:
apt-get install libgd-dev
But need to do this:
apt-get install libgd2-xpm-dev

Then I manually & successfully installed GD.pm (by perl Makefile.pl -> make -> make test -> make install)

4.3 VI
这个发行版中带的VI好像并不完整, 在编辑脚本和网页的时候都不肯给高亮. 于是重新装了一便:
apt-get install vim

并建立.vimrc作为配置:
set ts=4
set sw=4
set cindent
set autoindent
syntax on

就OK啦!

4.4 Chinese input method
The Chinese input method is not easily working:
apt-get install scim
apt-get install ttf-arphic-gbsn001p
apt-get install chinput

Neither scim nor chinput refuses to work... GOD saves me!!!

4.5 PDF reader
But I cannot get Acrobat Reader by issuing "apt-get install acroread".
Hmmm...

4.6 distribution update
最后这个比较漫长:
apt-get dist-upgrade


5.
apache的系统路径:
/var/www/apache2-default (原始默认路径, 网页的放到这里才能认)
配置文件: /etc/apache2/apache2.conf
更改服务状态的脚本: /etc/init.d/apache2 (在FC中用/sbin/service)
And error log file: /var/log/apache2/error.log
利用如下语句使apache执行CGI脚本:

<Virtualhost localhost>
DocumentRoot /var/www/
<Directory />
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride all
</Directory>
<Directory /var/www/cgi-bin/>
Options ExecCGI
</Directory>
</Virtualhost>

开始的时候出过怪事: 进行如上配置后apache死活不肯执行.pl脚本, 说脚本找不到. 查看error.log发现apache竟然到/usr/local/下去找脚本去了!! 真是可怕, 要是偶尔执行了那里的一个什么系统命令就完蛋了. 不更改配置文件, 把电脑重起后这个问题又自动解除了, 真是怪!

然后就Good night!

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